Metabolites Profiling of Soil Actinomycetes with Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities

Authors

  • Ram Prabodh Yadav Orcid
    Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur 44618, Kathmandu, Nepal
  • Bibek Raj Bhattarai Orcid
    Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
  • Rabin Budhathoki Orcid
    Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur 44618, Kathmandu, Nepal
  • Padamlal Budthapa Orcid
    Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur 44618, Kathmandu, Nepal
  • Monika Rana Orcid
    Central Department of Biotechnology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur 44618, Kathmandu, Nepal
  • Rubin Thapa Magar Orcid
    Institute of Biomolecule Reconstruction (iBR), Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea
  • Bijaya Bahadur Thapa Orcid
    Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur 44618, Kathmandu, Nepal
  • Akkal Dev Mishra Orcid
    Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur 44618, Kathmandu, Nepal
  • Niranjan Parajuli Orcid
    Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur 44618, Kathmandu, Nepal

Abstract

Metabolic profiling of actinomycetes isolated from Nepalese soil has uncovered promising candidates for the development of new antimicrobial and anticancer agents. This research examines the potential of actinobacteria isolated from soil, namely strains PY40, PY118, and PY122, as promising sources for biological applications. These strains were identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Streptomyces sp. PY40, Streptomyces sp. PY118, and Amycolatopsis sp. PY122. Comprehensive bioassays were carried out on ethyl acetate (EA) extract originating from the fermentation broths of these species to assess their antimicrobial and anticancer activities. The results showed noteworthy antifungal and anticancer properties of Streptomyces sp. PY40 extract, thereby indicating its possible use in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, potent antifungal activity was observed with an extract from Amycolatopsis sp. PY122. These isolates showed strong inhibition against several multi-drug-resistant strains of bacteria, including Shigella sonnei ATCC 25931, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, suggesting significant antibacterial activity of the extracts. Gas Choursomatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed particularly volatile chemical constituents in the extracts. Antibiotic agents such as diketopiperazines and hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione were prevalent in the extracts of these isolates. This study enhances our comprehension of the bioactive potential of these microorganisms and underscores their value as a source for creating novel therapeutics to address multi-resistant infections and cancer demands. These findings show that actinomycetes from Nepalese soil have high prospects for biological applications.